Close-knit families share many things together, including meals, vacations and sometimes illnesses. When living in close quarters with others, it’s not surprising that stomach bugs or colds get passed around among members of the household.

Germs, bacteria and viruses can spread easily through the air and on surfaces. According to Healthwatch England, once introduced into the home, it’s possible for certain viruses and bacteria to live on nonporous surfaces for hours and even days. However, The Mayo Clinic says that, while it’s possible to catch the flu or a cold after handling an object an infected person sneezed or coughed on a few moments ago, personal contact with an infected person - such as a handshake or breathing in droplets from a cough or sneeze - is the most common way germs are spread.

While it’s not possible to avoid the family entirely when ill, there are some steps that individuals can take to help staunch the spread of illness at home, in school and around the office.

Wash hands regularly

Good hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the spread of germs. Hands should be washed before eating, after preparing food, after coughing, after touching items in public areas, and after using the restroom.

Clean hygiene hot spots in the home

It’s impossible to kill every germ in the home, but regular cleaning and disinfecting high-risk areas can prevent illness from spreading, especially when one family member is ill. Areas to concentrate on include:

· kitchen sink

· bathroom faucets

· doorknobs

· light switches

· toilet handle

· telephones

· remote controls

· refrigerator handle Keep your distance

Keep your distance

Steer clear of sick individuals as much as possible. When sick, cover your mouth or nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. Discard any used tissues promptly and wash hands afterward. Couples who sleep together may want to use separate rooms or camp on the sofa for a few nights until symptoms abate. Don’t be shy about using latex gloves when cleaning up vomit or diarrhea.

Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth

Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth when someone in the home is ill. These mucus areas are easily contaminated and can be sources of entry for germs.

Disinfect periodically

Some evidence suggests that eradicating all germs can affect the body’s natural ability to fight infection. Therefore, routinely clean with soap and water, but do not overdo it with regard to your use of chemical disinfectants or hand sanitizers.

Ensuring an illness does not become rampant in a home can be a challenge, but it is possible when members of the household emphasize hygiene and homes are regularly cleaned.